The Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 2002 - 1530 Words

This chart from the site â€Å"Chaos of Business† shows the large decline of the Enron stock when it was being investigated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. People who had shares of the stock had lost almost all of their money they invested into the company. This chart shows that the share price dropped from $84 per share to $0.01 per share in about ten months. It seems like not a big deal, but in reality people usually buy hundreds of shares in a company, so that loss of $84 can calculate to about $25,200 if a person has 300 shares lost. This chart shows how quickly the money was lost and how badly it affected the people who owned shares of Enron. After the Enron scandal the government had created a new law called the Sarbanes-Oxley†¦show more content†¦By putting more responsibility onto the accounting firms this will allow corporate executives more responsibility on financial records and make these executives at fault if the company were to be found committing accounting fraud. Some say that to stop more frauds from happening in the future that the government needs to get less involved with the economy and how business and corporations interact with each other. They say that if there were less governmental regulations Enron or any other company that created false financial records, could have been avoided if the government had less control on how they prepare financial records. But, when companies are given more freedom they look for more ways to make their corporation look better. When a company makes financial records for the public they want to make themselves look as profitable as possible. Without governmental control financial records of companies will show huge amounts of profit, but will not show hidden debts and asset depreciation. They say the government has too much responsibility in the economy and to control every business is impossible. This can be true the Security and Exchange Commission cannot handle all of the economy, but it needs help wi th more forensic accountants. Forensic accountants should be the main focus because they are the people that are trained to investigate and find how companies are creating fraud in their records. At this moment the economy has way too many open investigations into The Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 2002 - 1530 Words Over the years, regulators and practitioners raise concerns on auditor independence. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 includes rules on auditor responsibility and independence. The PCAOB designed policies on auditors’ ethical behavior and independence. The AICPA Code of Professional Conduct contains Section 101 – Independence that describes requirements for the auditor during engagements. The regulators establish principles and standards of the accounting profession, but the number of financial scandals continue increases due to the audit failure. The auditor independence is one of the important elements of quality audit. The independence safeguards auditor/client relationships, ensures fair disclosure, integrity and objectivity. The audit independence is a complex issue with threats to profession’s fundamental principles. The examples of Enron and Arthur Andersen, Ernst Young and Lehman Brothers, Ernst Young and PeopleSoft, and many others demonstrate the lack of auditor independence that led to fraudulent financial reporting of the audited entity. Therefore, regulators together with accounting firms should find ways to eliminate threats of auditor independence and prevent consequences of impairment of auditor independence. Purpose of Research and Research Question The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of auditor independence on audit quality. The primary research questions are: 1. What are the threats to auditor independence? 2. How does the auditorShow MoreRelatedSarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002985 Words   |  4 Pages Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Week # 2 Individual Assignment â€Æ' Sox Key Main Aspects for a Regulatory Environment Sarbanes-Oxley Act was passed in 2002 by former president George Bush. Essentially to combat the Enron crisis. The Sox Act basically has regulatory control and creates an enviroment that is looking out for the public. Ideally this regulatory environment protects the public from fraud within corporations. Understanding, that while having this regulatoryRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20021614 Words   |  7 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) was enacted to bring back public trust in markets. Building trust requires ethics within organizations. Through codes of ethics, organizations are put in line to conduct themselves in a manner that promotes public trust. Through defining a code of ethics, organizations can follow, market becomes fair for investors to have confidence in the integrity of the disclosures and financial reports given to them. The code of ethics include â€Å"the promotion of honest andRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 2002 Essay1605 Words   |  7 Pages well-known acts have been signed into laws by the presidents at the time to protect investors and consumers alike. A brief overview of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, a discussion of some of the provisions therein, opinions of others regarding the act and also my personal and professional opinion will be discussed below. The same will be examined about the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. Senators Paul Sarbanes and Michael Oxley were the sponsors of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002Read MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20021563 Words   |  7 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) was enacted to bring back public trust in markets. Building trust requires ethics within organizations. Through codes of ethics, organizations conduct themselves in a manner that promotes public trust. Through defining a code of ethics, organizations can follow, the market becomes fair for investors to have confidence in the integrity of the disclosures and financial reports given to them. The code of ethics includes the promotion of honest and ethical conductRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20021015 Words   |  5 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, also known as the SOX Act, is enacted on July 30, 2002 by Congress as a result of some major accounting frauds such as Enron and WorldCom. The main objective of this act is to recover the investors’ trust in the stock market, and to p revent and detect corporate accounting fraud. I will discuss the background of Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and why it became necessary in the first section of this paper. The second section will be the act’s regulations for the management, externalRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 2002 Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pagesof Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. This Act was placed into law to protect the consumer against fraudulent activity by organizations. This paper will provide a brief history of the law and discuss some of the ethical components and social implications on corporations. This research will provide information on how the Sarbanes-Oxley Act affects smaller organizations and how it encourages employees to inform of wrong doings. Brief Synopsis of Sarbanes-Oxley The U.S. Congress passed the Sarbanes-OxleyRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20022137 Words   |  9 Pagesdishonest act that remained common amongst companies such as Enron, WorldCom, and Tyco was the fabrication of financial statements. These companies were reporting false information on their financial statements so that it would appear that the companies were making profits. However, those companies were actually losing money instead. Because of these companies’ actions, the call to have American businesses to be regulated under new rules served as a very important need. In 2002, Paul Sarbanes from theRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20021525 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Cheeseman, 2013). Congress ordered the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX Act) to shield customers from the fraudulent exercises of significant partnerships. This paper will give a brief history of the SOX Act, portray how it will shield general society from fraud inside of partne rships, and give a presumption to the viability of the capacity of the demonstration to shield purchasers from future frauds. History of the SOX Act Congress established the Sarbanes-Oxley ActRead MoreSarbanes Oxley Act of 20021322 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Descriptions of the main aspects of the regulatory environment which will protect the public from fraud within corporations are going to be provided in this paper. A special attention to the Sarbanes – Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) requirement; along with an evaluation of whether Sarbanes-Oxley Act will be effective in avoiding future frauds based on their implemented rules and regulations. The main aspects of the regulatory environment are based on the different laws and regulationsRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 2002 Essay1302 Words   |  6 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was the result of a number of large financial scandals in the United States in the late 1990s and early 2000s. One of the most well-known corporate accounting scandals was the Enron scandal, which was exposed in 2001. Enron, an energy company that was considered one of the most financially sound corporations in the United States before the scandal, produced false earnings reports to shareholders and kept large debts off the accounting books (Peavler, 2016). Enron executives

The Cooperative Principle in Conversation

In conversation analysis, the cooperative principle is the assumption that participants in a conversation normally attempt to be informative, truthful, relevant, and clear. The concept was introduced by philosopher H. Paul Grice in his 1975 article Logic and Conversation in which he argued that talk exchanges were not merely a succession of disconnected remarks, and would not be rational if they were. Grice suggested instead that meaningful dialogue is characterized by cooperation. Each participant recognizes in them, to some extent, a common purpose or set of purposes, or at least a mutually accepted direction. Key Takeaways: Grice's Conversational Maxims Grice expanded his cooperative principle with the four following conversational maxims, which he believed anyone wishing to engage in meaningful, cogent conversation must follow:Quantity: Say no less than the conversation requires. Say no more than the conversation requires.Quality: Dont say what you believe to be false. Dont say things for which you lack evidence.Manner: Dont be obscure. Dont be ambiguous. Be brief. Be orderly.Relevance: Be relevant. Observations on the Cooperative Principle Here are some thoughts on the Cooperative Principle from some acknowledged sources on the subject: We might then formulate a rough general principle which participants will be expected (ceteris paribus) to observe, namely: Make your conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged. One might label this the Cooperative Principle.(From Logic and Conversation by H. Paul Grice) [T]he  sum and substance of the Cooperative  Principle might be put this way: Do whatever is necessary to achieve the purpose of your talk; dont do anything that will frustrate that purpose.(From Communication and Reference by Aloysius Martinich) People undoubtedly can be tight-lipped, long-winded, mendacious, cavalier, obscure, ambiguous, verbose, rambling, or off-topic. But on closer examination, they are far less so than they could be, given the possibilities. . . Because human hearers can count on some degree of adherence to the maxims, they can read between the lines, weed out unintended ambiguities, and connect the dots when they listen and read.(From The Stuff of Thought by Steven Pinker) Cooperation vs. Agreeableness According to Istvan Kecskes,  author of Intercultural Pragmatics, there is a distinction between cooperative communication and being cooperative on a social level.  Kecskes believes that the Cooperative Principle isnt about being positive or socially smooth or agreeable, but rather, its a presumption when someone speaks, they have the expectation as well the intention of communicating. Likewise, they expect the person to whom theyre speaking to facilitate the effort. This is why even when people fight or disagree to the point that those engaged in the conversation are being less than pleasant or cooperative, the Cooperative Principle keeps the conversation going. Even if individuals are aggressive, self-serving, egotistic, and so on, Kecskes explains, and not quite focusing on the other participants of the interaction, they cant have spoken at all to someone else without expecting that something would come out of it, that there would be some result, and that the other person/s was/were engaged with them. Kecskes maintains that this core principle of intent is essential to communication. Example: Jack Reachers Telephone Conversation The operator answered  and I asked for Shoemaker  and I got transferred, maybe elsewhere in the building, or the country, or the world, and after a bunch of clicks  and hisses and some long minutes of dead air Shoemaker came on the line and said Yes? This is Jack Reacher, I said. Where are you? Dont you have all kinds of automatic machines to tell you that? Yes, he said. Youre in Seattle, on a payphone  down by the fish market. But we prefer it when people volunteer the information themselves. We find that makes the subsequent conversation go better. Because theyre already cooperating. Theyre invested. In what? The conversation. Are we having a conversation? Not really.(From Personal by Lee Child.) The Lighter Side of the Cooperative Principle Sheldon Cooper: Ive been giving the matter some thought, and I think Id be willing to be a house pet to a race of superintelligent aliens.​ Leonard Hofstadter: Interesting.​ Sheldon Cooper: Ask me why?​ Leonard Hofstadter: Do I have to?​ Sheldon Cooper: Of course. Thats how you move a conversation forward.(From an exchange between Jim Parsons and  Johnny Galecki, The Financial Permeability episode of The Big Bang Theory, 2009) Sources Grice, H. Paul. Logic and Conversation. Syntax and Semantics, 1975. Reprinted in Studies in the Way of Words. Harvard University  Press, 1989Martinich, Aloysius.  Communication and Reference.  Walter de Gruyter, 1984Pinker, Steven. The Stuff of Thought. Viking, 2007Kecskes,  Istvan. Intercultural Pragmatics. Oxford University Press,  2014

The Low Down on Samples of Heavy Equipment Operator Essay for Scholarships Exposed

The Low Down on Samples of Heavy Equipment Operator Essay for Scholarships Exposed Considering all the knowledge areas and tips that you're already mindful of in writing a scholarship letter, it's possible to easily put together all of the information that you must make sure you and your scholarship letter will stick out. If you obey my simple parts of advice you will definitely get the desired scholarship. Especially since scholarships are difficult to get, and judges are extremely harsh. Many scholarships require the applicant to compose some type of essay to demonstrate they have a good command of the written word and also to demonstrate the scholarship board a tiny bit about themselves. The Basics of Samples of Heavy Equipment Operator Essay for Scholarships Money management is a complex process. Stationary operators can contribute to a secure and productive workforce by becoming certified and learning the intricacies of the business. A good chance to make a superb care er as a Heavy Equipment Operator is currently in your reach. The degree of immersion and the perception of reality may vary considerably based on the HMI. Additionally, for each particular object of equipment, the correct government and industry standards have to be met. You need to bear in mind that you should not undervalue the significance of a strong introduction, particularly when it concerns the opening line. Any workers that are interested in raising their understanding of heavy machinery, or those who desire to go into the construction field for an advanced level, can benefit from these courses and gain the required certification for skilled work. Application essays normally have a very clear statement, a specific subject that has to be covered. Precious feedback will be able to help you come up with the very best edition of your application essay. Wrap-up the essay by giving a strong message about the whole discussion. In a nutshell, the meat of the essay was not there. There's no ideal recipe for writing an essay, but there are a few ingredients that you are able to add to make it even more appealing. It's highly suggested that you outline an essay at first before finally writing its real content. Though a last-minute essay writing procedure can be done when creating a scholarship essay, it is going to be best in the event you will allot time when putting together all the information which you'd like to include within this document. Samples of Heavy Equipment Operator Essay for Scholarships Secrets That No One Else Knows About Letter writing is just one of the oldest types of communication. The essay lets you add information you could not operate into the different parts of the application. Don't use any fancy fonts as it can produce the essay seem informal. You might take a look at our Essay Outline Template to steer you in the invention of such document. The Awful Side of Samples of Hea vy Equipment Operator Essay for Scholarships Becoming conscious of common essay mistakes and the way to repair them can help you produce an impressive scholarship essay. No worries, we can assist you out here! Your essay will provide you with the chance to share your ideas and dreams, articulate your accomplishments, and describe the qualities which make you unique and deserving. A great essay is one which leaves a long-lasting impression. A personal essay is a great choice because it is usually accepted as a subject topic and very often it's the subject required. Read Sanjit's full essay to find out more about her ideas. The Unexposed Secret of Samples of Heavy Equipment Operator Essay for Scholarships A creative writing catches the eye, and it could become your passport to a brand-new academic journey. Schedule a trip to our location and see for yourself the sort of learning experiences that we've carefully crafted to make sure our students' success. Just being considered to submit an application for a scholarship is already a pleasure and an achievement that you need to be pleased with. Show your enthusiasm, and how interested you're in truly being a component of their program. Although, CE are created in such a manner they can withstand adverse conditions, however, assuring suitable alignment of the equipment remains a vital undertaking. Also, routine checks before and after the usage of the equipment are incredibly important to restore overall well-being of the equipment in any way times and keep it in a good shape. So, you should lubricate the equipment wisely with the suggested grade of grease. Thus, cleaning the equipment after you're done with the day's work is really important. Especially, write the way the scholarship will be able to help you continue your education including the financial conditions of your family members and how you'll have the ability to help them as well. To begin with, make certain that you apply for the scholarship in the correct field! 3 scholarships awards will be granted dependent on the amount in the fund and the consequence of the investment the prior calendar year. Take a look at this Graduate Scholarship Exam ple to come up with your case. A scholarship is a grant that functions as an aid for a student to have the ability to attain a particular amount of education. Students may also put money into safety refresher courses, which will aid them gain a better consciousness of the policies and procedures of a safe construction website. They are able to apply for the scholarship each year. All students are encouraged to pay a visit to each school that they're thinking of.

Family Guy free essay sample

Satire is the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize peoples stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues. â€Å"Family Guy† portrays carnivalesque imagery such as those seen in â€Å"South Park† and â€Å"The Simpsons. † The author Peacocke is a fan of â€Å"Family Guy† but she says, â€Å"It’s important not to lose sight of what’s truly unfunny in real life-even as we appreciate what is hilarious in fiction (308). † Peacocke liked â€Å"Family Guy† at first when she realized that the jokes were taking things too far she started to dislike it then liked it again. She felt some people was going overboard and not looking at it to be funny. The show is based on how you look at it. Some people took offense to it and thought it had bad influence and brought negative energy. Others thought the show was funny and most jokes hit home. We will write a custom essay sample on Family Guy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The show was cancelled many times, because people were against the show and it had inappropriate and humiliating things in the show. Then it came back on the air because of the fans who loved it. Peacocke felt like â€Å"Family Guy† shouldn’t be taken so seriously and it’s not there to humiliate people, it’s just satire. Firstly, everything in life is not supposed to be intentional, something’s are funny, others are to be taking at a certain extent and some things are meant to hurt, â€Å"Family Guy† is not there to hurt anyone’s feelings, it’s just a cartoon. â€Å"Family Guy† has some scenes to whereas it’s funny and gives positive reinforcement. For example, in an episode of â€Å"Family Guy† there was a kid smuggling for someone and in rewards he had received a bunny. The character used the bunny as his stimulus in order for the kid to continue smuggling drugs for him. In this example positive reinforcement is used to increase a bad behavior. This scene wasn’t to offend anyone it was a good example of positive even though it wasn’t funny. If you don’t pay attention or watch the show, you will catch more of the negatives than positives. Secondly, there were several complaints about how â€Å"family guy† was a negative, and humiliating. So the show was cancelled and then came back on air because of the fans that loved â€Å"Family Guy. † The show was cancelled more than 2 times. But it proved to be humorous and fascinating to those who loved the show. Peacocke would say, â€Å"Lighten up a little and give the show a shot just like she did†. At first Peacocke didn’t like the show because she couldn’t see how people could laugh at such shameful things then she had forced herself to see â€Å"Family Guy† in a different way. After she started to like the show she couldn’t get enough of the Griffin family, she crafted a more positive view of â€Å"Family Guy† (Peacocke, 303). Thirdly, some parts of the show might seem offensive if taken at face value. Such as, a sexist scene in the show where a businessman says, â€Å"Female coworkers are a peculiar animal and they are very insecure about their appearance, and tell them every day how beautiful they look even if they’re homely and unkempt; or even a firm open-palm slap on the behind (302). † People were offended and felt ashamed. That’s when Peacocke disagreed with her own point and then understood Dubner point where he said, â€Å"Those who don’t often watch the program, he could easily see how the cartoon takes pleasure in controversial humor just for its own sake; but those who pay more attention and think about the creators’ intentions can see how family guy satires some aspects of American culture (303). † Peacocke looked at that as an eye opener and started to like the show again. My response to this essay is that I agreed with the author and I characterized Antonia Peacocke argument about â€Å"Family Guy† is that it was an eye opener and it was entertaining and real in some ways. She had an opposing view about the show, always try to get over things in life and see things in your own way before misjudging. Sometimes there has to be a way to look at the brighter picture rather than in a negative and an offensive way. Some dislike the show and some love the show. Peacocke proved that â€Å"Family Guy† isn’t bad at all, it’s just satire. Even the fans who loved the show got â€Å"Family Guy† back on the air, because it was funny and not there to humiliate. Some people are sensitive to what they watch. But just like Peacocke stated, â€Å"It’s important not to lose sight of what’s truly unfunny in real life-even as we appreciate what is hilarious in fiction (308). † Everyone will see the show in different ways, it’s your own perspective. Take it how the show comes off to be.